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•DOIs are assigned on behalf of registrants (content owners and other bodies) by approved DOI Registration Agencies (RAs). 
–These RAs contribute to the IDF to support the infrastructure (technical and social) which underpins the DOI system.
–The IDF charges RAs a fee which is part fixed (currently $35K) and part varied (currently $0.04 /DOI) – aiming to reduce this as volume increases
•RAs are free to establish their own business model for the allocation of DOIs.
–Value-added services offered by a DOI RA will include more than simple provision of a DOI: data, content or rights management. 
–DOI RAs may also choose to collaborate with others in business agreements and services, as well as use the generic facilities offered by interoperability features of DOIs.    
–Business models could include free DOI allocation
•So there is no single business model applicable to all DOI RAs,
–consequently no single answer to the question of how a DOI is paid for and what it costs. 
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How are costs met?
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