The Evolution of an Interface from the User Perspective:
From End User Testing to a Usage Log Analysis
Sarah Chandler

Presentation outline
Background of new and old systems: from e-Reference Collection to Find Articles/Find Databases/Find e-Journals
Usability testing
Development responses
Transaction log studies – summer, fall
Next steps

Networked Resources Portal: History
Mann Library Gateway (1991)
Cornell University Library Gateway (1998)
E-Reference Collection (2001)
Find Articles/Find Databases/Find e-Journals (2003- )

Catalysts for change
Enhance with new functionality
Migrate to new server
Development partnership with Endeavor
Release 2.0 of ENCompass

Functionality: old and new
Existing Features
Search gateway metadata
Go to database “native interface” from search results
Browse by subject
Navigate to other CUL resources
Authenticate users for restricted resources
Plus
Search at article level
Simultaneous search across multiple databases
Reference linking
Search for all e-journal titles

Impetus for Interface Customization
Standard ENCompass interface did not meet our user needs
Team members had XML/XLS expertise
Collaborative relationship with Endeavor

Usability testing
Summer-Fall 2002: development team sensed usability problems with the “out-of-the-box” ENCompass interface
October 2002: “paper prototyping” with students and faculty
November 2002: computer workstation focus groups (with students and faculty)

Pre-October prototype

October prototype: search/browse resources

Round 1 Recommendations
Simplify cluttered screen design
Resolve confusing search/browse issue
Rethink “e-Reference collection” name
Address the “granularity issue” by presenting article level searching separately

Find Databases search/browse

Find Databases browse display

Find Databases search results screen

Find Articles main screen

Merged search results

Find Articles object record with OpenURL link

Find it at Cornell display

Transaction Log Analysis
Initial transaction log studies were conducted during summer prior to full-scale launch
Studies revealed activity at the database level
Studies identified databases with connection problems
Ongoing studies are needed to influence service design modifications

Overall use of system by Session ID

Find Articles search activity, including connection failures

Follow-up Analysis
Used SPSS software
Reran some of same analysis on newer data sets (Encompass and Apache)
Explored documentation of analysis using SPSS

Overall use of system by Session ID

Weekly use by filename

Find Articles search activity

Databases Searched via Find Articles or Find Databases

Find it at Cornell usage

Lessons Learned from Log Analysis
Data sources are complicated
Extensive scripting and parsing are required
Documentation of analysis is necessary for developing methodology

Outstanding Questions and
Next Steps
Zero hits issue
Query string analysis
Search errors
Find it at Cornell – further research

Comments and Questions?
Sarah Chandler
sy82@cornell.edu