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Outline
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The Evolution of an Interface from the User Perspective:
From End User Testing to a Usage Log Analysis
  • Sarah Chandler
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Presentation outline
  • Background of new and old systems: from e-Reference Collection to Find Articles/Find Databases/Find e-Journals
  • Usability testing
  • Development responses
  • Transaction log studies – summer, fall
  • Next steps
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Networked Resources Portal: History
  • Mann Library Gateway (1991)
  • Cornell University Library Gateway (1998)
  • E-Reference Collection (2001)
  • Find Articles/Find Databases/Find e-Journals (2003- )
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Catalysts for change
  • Enhance with new functionality
  • Migrate to new server
  • Development partnership with Endeavor
  • Release 2.0 of ENCompass
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Functionality: old and new
  • Existing Features
  • Search gateway metadata
  • Go to database “native interface” from search results
  • Browse by subject
  • Navigate to other CUL resources
  • Authenticate users for restricted resources
  • Plus
  • Search at article level
  • Simultaneous search across multiple databases
  • Reference linking
  • Search for all e-journal titles
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Impetus for Interface Customization
  • Standard ENCompass interface did not meet our user needs
  • Team members had XML/XLS expertise
  • Collaborative relationship with Endeavor
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Usability testing
  • Summer-Fall 2002: development team sensed usability problems with the “out-of-the-box” ENCompass interface
  • October 2002: “paper prototyping” with students and faculty
  • November 2002: computer workstation focus groups (with students and faculty)
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Pre-October prototype
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October prototype: search/browse resources
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Round 1 Recommendations
  • Simplify cluttered screen design
  • Resolve confusing search/browse issue
  • Rethink “e-Reference collection” name
  • Address the “granularity issue” by presenting article level searching separately


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Find Databases search/browse
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Find Databases browse display
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Find Databases search results screen
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Find Articles main screen
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Merged search results
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Find Articles object record with OpenURL link
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Find it at Cornell display
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Transaction Log Analysis
  • Initial transaction log studies were conducted during summer prior to full-scale launch
  • Studies revealed activity at the database level
  • Studies identified databases with connection problems
  • Ongoing studies are needed to influence service design modifications
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Overall use of system by Session ID
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Find Articles search activity, including connection failures
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Follow-up Analysis
  • Used SPSS software
  • Reran some of same analysis on newer data sets (Encompass and Apache)
  • Explored documentation of analysis using SPSS
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Overall use of system by Session ID
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Weekly use by filename
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Find Articles search activity
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Databases Searched via Find Articles or Find Databases
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Find it at Cornell usage
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Lessons Learned from Log Analysis
  • Data sources are complicated
  • Extensive scripting and parsing are required
  • Documentation of analysis is necessary for developing methodology


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Outstanding Questions and
Next Steps
  • Zero hits issue
  • Query string analysis
  • Search errors
  • Find it at Cornell – further research



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Comments and Questions?


  • Sarah Chandler
  • sy82@cornell.edu